As the most populous country of China, land resources are extremely scarce. Therefore, the focus of distributed photovoltaic applications should not take up a lot of land resources in the ground-based station, reasonable and applied in the form of the building is a combination of mainly used in the building, including roof, walls, walls and other buildings outside facade. BIPV applications, should be the focus of distributed photovoltaic applications
Throughout the industry, environment and development trends at home and abroad, whether industry or government, have recognized that the development of distributed photovoltaic applications is to start market, digestion capacity to achieve strategic transformation, the key to pulling the entire PV industry.
Whether countries have recently introduced the "State Council on promoting the healthy development of the PV industry," and before the introduction of the "Renewable Energy Development Plan twelve", "solar energy development Twelfth Five-Year Plan", or "energy development Twelfth Five-Year Plan "and even" green building program of action ", are fully reflected this national will and spirit of the policy.
So, in this common understanding and premise, how to implement distributed photovoltaic applications has become a key focus of photovoltaic applications including distributed where policies on how to guide and encourage, and what the future direction is?
Focus is on building distributed photovoltaic
As the most populous country of China, land resources are extremely scarce. Therefore, the focus of distributed photovoltaic applications should not take up a lot of land resources in the ground-based station, reasonable and applied in the form of the building is a combination of mainly used in the building, including roof, walls, walls and other buildings outside facade. BIPV applications, should be the focus of distributed photovoltaic applications.
The focus of building integrated photovoltaic applications, it should be the best sun roof applications. Roof BIPV applications in accordance with the roof of the property, into the roof of photovoltaic applications businesses, government and schools, and other public buildings rooftop photovoltaic applications, residential rooftop photovoltaic applications other three categories.
From an investment perspective, roof photovoltaic applications a very important principle is to encourage "self-occupied, I power the Internet." Therefore, the quality of the roof rooftop PV owners consumptive affects its return on investment and security.
As the enterprise itself roof businesses operating conditions exist differences between good and bad, only the high energy consumption, high electricity prices, continuing strong operating capabilities of enterprises to implement the most suitable rooftop power projects. However, due to the "Eleventh Five-Year" national promotion "Golden Sun" demonstration project, has digested a lot of this kind of roof space is limited, competition is becoming increasingly fierce.
While public construction and residential roofs, due to the lower price level, basically in the development of a blank state, from the development perspective, this is a sea of blue. Moreover, due to the continued stability of residential construction and energy companies, if once there is an appropriate policy and related marginal conditions defined ROI is relatively more stable. Therefore, from this perspective, public construction and residential roofs can become the top priority should be building integrated photovoltaic applications, photovoltaic power generation into the family and community, to send photovoltaic countryside villages, etc., including a huge space.
? Encourage policies should be superimposed
As the "self-occupied, more than electricity access" principle, with the average price level of the corresponding period of photovoltaic power generation, has become the main factor affecting the economy rooftop PV projects and promotion.
At present, the domestic businesses daytime average tariff level is generally maintained at 0.7-1.0 yuan / kWh, plus distributed photovoltaic electricity subsidies Internet forthcoming national standards (rumored to 0.42-0.6 yuan / degree), such the economic viability of the project has been considerable, if coupled with the local government incentives supporting policies to promote relatively easy. Therefore, the paper focuses on the roof of the public and construction of residential building integrated photovoltaic applications.
While public construction and residential rooftop projects, daytime average tariff level is generally maintained at 0.48-0.6 yuan / kWh, which houses the lowest price in rural areas, even with the upcoming national electricity subsidies distributed photovoltaic Internet standards, such projects income is lower. If re-using building integrated photovoltaic materials, such as solar photovoltaic tiles and other products (such products need to have a high power dual properties of building materials and equipment, quality, materials, aesthetics and other performance requirements, production costs are generally lower than the ordinary circumstances of PV Components must be high), and the resulting economic feasibility of such projects is relatively poor roof.
Therefore, the combination of existing national policies, our suggestion is that in case of cancellation "Golden Sun" demonstration project policy prerequisite for public construction and residential roofs, should be preserved and enhanced "building integrated photovoltaic demonstration project policy" had implemented , to give the project a certain type of application the initial installation subsidy (4-8 yuan / watt) and distributed Internet kWh subsidy policies to promote the development of building integrated photovoltaic applications such as solar water heaters become as universal movement.
On specific policies, with "building integrated photovoltaic demonstration project," "Distributed concentrated photovoltaic demonstration zone", "renewable energy demonstration town", "energy conservation demonstration town", "green building demonstration town" " new energy demonstration towns "and other policies that consider energy conservation, low-carbon environment, expand investment, stimulating domestic demand, increasing farmers' income, to support and stimulate the photovoltaic industry, the photovoltaic company entrance into the house, countryside villages, and beautiful Chinese ecological civilization construction the main purpose of the new round of urbanization roof space utilization mainly to encourage the application of building integrated photovoltaic, adopt government guidance and fiscal policies to encourage the combination of the integrated use of fiscal policy, planning approval, energy assessment, environmental assessment tools, implementation and start a nationwide building integrated photovoltaic demonstration project.
? We recommend starting the following three sub-projects:
First, the PV into the house and join a countryside village ecology and livelihood projects (one thousand one thousand beautiful sun roof project city). Mainly in residential roof building integrated photovoltaic roof livelihood projects, especially in the development of residential real estate occupied land resources in low-density residential villas and a large energy projects, new rural construction of new rural residential projects, from planning and Forced to use the design phase photovoltaic roof, roof load, and all the planning and design stage to take into account and incorporated into the planning, energy and environmental assessments necessary content.
From the construction of the mouth guard, urban real estate projects requires not less than 25% of the roof area must use photovoltaic products, in particular to encourage the use of building integrated photovoltaic products based on the use of different products, building integrated photovoltaic demonstration project to give appropriate policy initial installation subsidy.
In view of the beautiful countryside, ecological civilization, new urbanization to the needs of farmers' income, the introduction send home appliances (new energy power) to the countryside policies for the new rural construction of new rural residential projects, according to use different products to building integrated photovoltaic demonstration projects given appropriate initial installation policy subsidies.
Encourage and support local government introduced reporting policies or distributed PV building integrated photovoltaic roof demonstration project for civilian projects, to complement the center of the initial installation of electricity subsidies or subsidies or energy subsidies.
Implementation of the civilian rooftop photovoltaic power generation project, in the energy assessment and evaluation of energy saving, energy saving and consumption reduction targets of energy saving projects stock index amount.
The Agriculture ranks as the beautiful countryside of the application of photovoltaic products and related advanced assessment main content.
Second, public buildings, commercial and industrial enterprises rooftop photovoltaic energy conservation projects.
Boot from the government. For new construction and industrial and commercial public enterprise project, from the planning and design stage, mandatory use of photovoltaic roof, roof load, and all the planning and design stage to take into account and incorporated into the planning, energy and environmental assessments necessary content; has been built for the enterprise, annual energy consumption of more than 1,000 tons of standard coal, from a policy of mandatory energy saving and energy to adapt their implementation rooftop PV projects.
Encouragement from the fiscal policy. Public construction projects and industrial and commercial enterprises rooftop photovoltaic energy conservation demonstration projects based on the use of different products to building integrated photovoltaic demonstration project policy to give appropriate initial installation subsidy.
Implemented a rooftop photovoltaic industrial enterprises in the energy assessment and evaluation of energy saving, energy saving and emission reduction targets is reduced inventory reduction targets of PV power generation projects, try not to shut down the ways to achieve emission reduction targets.
? Third, solar street lighting energy conservation and livelihood projects.
New urban roads, traffic and public facilities construction projects forced to use solar lights, from the planning and design stage design into mandatory and included in planning, energy and environmental assessments necessary content. Solar street lights have been encouraged to do the same transformation.
New residential building mandatory use of solar photovoltaic design and installation of public lighting systems, street lighting, billboards, signs the new city government investment in public construction projects, mandatory installation of solar photovoltaic lighting systems, and gradually to existing urban green spaces, squares, parks , scenic and other public places (facilities) and urban roads solar photovoltaic lighting systems transformation.
New urban road traffic lights mandatory installation of solar photovoltaic systems have been built on the city road traffic lights must be the transformation of solar photovoltaic systems. New government agencies, hospitals, hotels, businesses and other public buildings, garden lighting mandatory use of solar photovoltaic technology, both public buildings courtyard solar photovoltaic lighting must be gradual transformation. Whether new construction, or renovation, solar public lighting, street lamps and application projects general allocation of funds by the fiscal policy to give a total investment of energy subsidies.
At the same time start over subsystems, encourage new energy companies, solar companies, energy service companies, energy management contract to take the investment, construction and operation of rooftop photovoltaic power generation projects, during the initial installation subsidies, subsidies for the central fiscal policy, while encouraging and guide financial institutions lending to such projects inclined to give some discount loans.
This policy implementation period of five years, in principle, within five years of public construction and residential rooftop subsidies combined with the initial installation of distributed PV electricity subsidy-based, five years after the gradual transition to subsidize electricity per year, mainly from the special financial arrangements funds can be.
In fact, fiscal used in energy conservation, scattered in various departments and various ports on the money the beautiful countryside, farmers' income, the promotion of renewable energy in rural areas, and many other, as long as the centralized use, can focus on doing the big things, but you can also learn the current Ministry of Housing to promote the practice of wisdom in the city, to the implementation of energy infrastructure projects by the CDB to give way to supporting low-interest loans.
At the same time, encourage the development of investment in each subject based industrial applications, including photovoltaic materials systems integrators, PV installers, PV system integrators, in order to enrich and improve the whole industry chain.
Whether the roof is a public industrial and commercial enterprises and construction of photovoltaic power generation, or the residential rooftop photovoltaic power generation, as long as the energy reduction targets generated can be used for offset against existing energy conservation indicators, which can be the same as the emissions targets by high energy consumption enterprise as a way to take energy saving measures to pay for (carbon index), so it is possible to achieve economies of such projects, funding sources can also be solved, or at least a part of, and to mobilize all parties enthusiasm.
? Future building integrated photovoltaic applications is a third year low
From the development trend of photovoltaic applications, the future development of photovoltaic applications in "a third year low."
A high photoelectric conversion efficiency refers to a material. If material reaches the photoelectric conversion efficiency of 25%, it means that the cost of photovoltaic power generation within China range between 0.3-0.5 yuan / kWh, then every household will consider installing rooftop PV.
Three low, that is, in the end application of photovoltaic products should meet three principles, namely low spatial resource cost, low power transmission costs, low installation and maintenance costs, every household rooftop PV is the most of the three principles.
Meet "a third year low", every household with a photoelectric and photovoltaic tile walls to build their own houses will become a common trend.
So, no matter from which point of view, we should focus on encouraging the building integrated photovoltaic applications, giving focus on policy, encouragement direction, then China's photovoltaic industry will become a truly global industrial chain division to occupy the strategic high ground, will really play in the economic transformation of strategic significance.